Article written by Jim Wright
For decades, Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) have been grouped together for programmatic delivery, evaluation and monitoring and at conferences. This reflects the close inter-connections between the three sectors, which were first captured in the so-called F-Diagram by a World Health Organisation publication in 1958. The Fs represent faecal-oral transmission pathways from Faeces: Fingers, Flies, Fluids, and Foods, sometimes with Fields or the hard surfaced objects known as Fomites also included.